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2012 Think
Tank Meeting
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 The HIV Drug
Resistance Program (DRP) hosted the 2012 Think Tank Meeting on April 10 at the
Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research. Covering all topics related to retrovirology,
this annual event brings together investigators from NCI, NIH, and academic institutions
in the Washington and Baltimore areas with research interests related to the Program's
goals for a stimulating day of short presentations and discussion. Since its inception
in 1998, the Think Tank Meeting has been very successful at fostering collaborations
among these investigators.
For the past three years, the Center of Excellence in HIV/AIDS & Cancer Virology, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, has awarded $1000 travel awards for the two most meritorious postdoctoral presentations at the Think Tank Meeting. Recipients of these travel awards include Hyun Hu (KewalRamani lab) and Weizao Chen (Dimitrov lab) in 2012, Cristina Bergamaschi (Pavlakis lab) and Kayoki Waki (Freed lab) in 2011, and Muthukumar Balasubramaniam (Freed lab) and Michal Legiewicz (Le Grice lab) in 2010.
 The
DRP has broadened participation in the Think Tank Meeting by periodically inviting
senior graduate students involved in retrovirus research outside the NIH to attend
the Think Tank and to participate in an informal symposium with members of the
DRP on the following day (see Invited
Student Symposium below).
2012
Think Tank Program:
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John Coffin |
Opening remarks
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Michele Di Mascio |
In vivo imaging of the CD4 pool in SIV/SHIV infected NHPs
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Mary Kearney |
No evidence for evolution of plasma HIV-1 RNA or PBMC HIV-1 DNA
during long-term suppressive antiretroviral therapy
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Tiffany Tanzosh |
Identifying HIV transmission groups in the Washington DC metropolitan
area
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Marta Catalfamo |
In vivo IL-7 exposure of CD4 T cells during HIV induced lymphopenia
leads to enhanced sensitivity to type–I IFN
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Weizao Chen |
Engineered single human CD4 domains as potent HIV-1 inhibitors and
components of vaccine immunogens
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Arne Schon |
Targeting the HIV-1 envelope with small molecular weight compounds
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Leo Koharudin |
Characterization of a novel anti-viral lectin family
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Jianbo Chen |
Live cell imaging of HIV-1 RNA trafficking and RNA-RNA interaction
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Chawaree Chaipan |
Relative antiviral activities of A3G and A3F in human primary cells
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Hyun Yu |
TNPO3 interaction with CPSF6
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Atreyi Chatterjee |
High-throughput sequencing of retrotransposon integration using serial
number technology
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Janani Varadarajan |
A merger gone bad: Raltegravir affects HIV-1 integration
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Zak Klase |
HIV-1, Runx1 and latency
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Katarzyna Purzycka |
Architectural contributions of genomic RNA to retrotransposon
replication
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Xianyang Fang |
RRE is the molecular beacon for Rev binding specificity and cooperativity
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David Davis |
Revisiting P27: A peptide based inhibitor of HIV-1 replication
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Kayoko Waki |
HIV-1 maturation inhibitors
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Paul Keller |
Exploring HIV-1 maturation & inhibition by cryo-electron tomography
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Ina O'Carroll |
Redundancy in HIV-1 particle assembly
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John Coffin |
Closing remarks
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Study on Recombinant Origin of the Retrovirus XMRV Selected as a Top CCR Science Advance in 2011
A recent study by the laboratory of Dr. Vinay Pathak (HIV Drug Resistance Program), in collaboration with Drs. John Coffin (Tufts University), Wei-Shau Hu (HIV Drug Resistance Program), and Hsing-Jien Kung and Clifford Tepper (University of California, Davis), was selected as one of the top two Center for Cancer Research (CCR) Science Advances of the year in Virology. The findings of this CCR study were reported in Science in July 2011 and were highlighted in a press release by the National Cancer Institute and news features in the New York Times, Washington Post, and Nature.
The focus of the study was xenotropic murine leukemia virus–related virus (XMRV), a retrovirus that was isolated in 2006 from a human prostate cancer and has since been reported to be present in 6–27% of human prostate cancers and in the peripheral blood of 67% of chronic fatigue syndrome patients. The assertion that XMRV is circulating in the human population has been challenged by several studies that have failed to detect XMRV in multiple cohorts of prostate cancer and chronic fatigue syndrome patients or healthy controls. Drs. Pathak and Coffin and their research teams hypothesized that an understanding of when and how XMRV first arose might help explain the discrepant results. They studied human prostate cancer cell lines CWR22Rv1 and CWR-R1, which produce XMRV virtually identical to the viruses recently found in patient samples, as well as their progenitor human prostate tumor xenograft (CWR22) that had been passaged in mice. The Pathak lab detected XMRV infection in the two cell lines and in the later passage xenografts, but not in the early passages. In particular, they found that the host mice contained two proviruses, PreXMRV-1 and Pr<strong><a href="Pathak.html" hreflang="en" title="Vinay K. Pathak's home page on HIV Drug Resistance Program website">eXMRV-2, which share 99.92% identity with XMRV over long stretches of their genomes. Their results showed that XMRV was not present in the original CWR22 tumor but was generated by recombination of two proviruses during tumor passaging in mice, between 1993 and 1996. The probability that an identical recombinant was generated independently is negligible (~10-12).
These findings imply that XMRV is not a human pathogen and that its association with prostate cancer and chronic fatigue syndrome is due to laboratory contamination of human samples with the laboratory-derived virus as well as contaminating mouse DNA. This study therefore indicates the need to rule out possible contamination with laboratory sources before an association between a novel virus and human disease is established. To view the original publication of this study in Science and related articles, click here.
12th
Annual Symposium on Antiviral Drug Resistance: Targets and Mechanisms
The 12th Annual
Symposium on Antiviral Drug Resistance: Targets and Mechanisms was held November
6-9, 2011 at The Hotel Hershey in
Hershey, Pennsylvania. Sponsored by the University of Pittsburgh and co-sponsored
by the HIV Drug Resistance Program, NCI, this annual meeting brings together researchers
in a variety of virus systems to exchange new information on viral targets for
therapy, on antiviral drugs, and on resistance to these drugs. The focus is on
specific molecular targets, their normal structure and function, their interactions
with antiviral drugs, and the evolutionary basis and specific mechanisms of viral
resistance. Organized by molecular target, the program includes presentations
by invited speakers as well as oral and poster presentations selected from submitted
abstracts. Additional details are available at the Symposium
website.
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Study
on Development of System to Redirect HIV-1 Integration Selected as a Top CCR Science Advance in 2010
A recent study by Dr.
Stephen Hughes and his colleagues, in collaboration with researchers at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and the Rockefeller University, was selected as one of the two top Center for Cancer Research
(CCR) Science Advances of the year in Virology. Using lens epithelium-derived growth factor fusion proteins, the research team developed a system to redirect HIV-1 DNA integration. This study has two important implications. First, the system can be used to better understand the interactions of important chromatin-binding domains in living cells, which will help to define the distribution of factors on chromatin and how this contributes to important cellular processes, including development, differentiation, and cancer. Second, the ability to direct the sites of retroviral DNA integration away from regions of the genome that contain actively expressed genes has the potential to make gene therapy with retroviral vectors considerably safer. The study showed that proviruses integrated away from active genes are expressed in short-term experiments. Additional details about the study, originally reported in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA (PDF), are provided in a PNAS Commentary (PDF) and a CCR Connections article.
David Derse Memorial Conference
The David Derse Memorial Conference was held on June 17, 2010 at the NCI-Frederick Conference Center, Bldg. 549 Auditorium, in Frederick, Maryland. The HIV Drug Resistance Program, in collaboration with the Center of Excellence in HIV/AIDS & Cancer Virology at the National Cancer Institute, hosted this conference in memory of David Derse, head of the Retrovirus Gene Expression Section. Invited speakers included colleagues and collaborators, from around the world as well as from the local scientific community, whose work intersects with Dr. Derse's scientific career. The presentations were on recent advances in retroviral research, with a special focus on HTLV-1.
Invited speakers who participated in this conference included Charles Bangham (Wright-Fleming Institute, Imperial College London), Genoveffa Franchini (Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute-Bethesda), Chou-Zen Giam (Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences), Robert Gorelick (AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, National Cancer Institute-Frederick), Reuben Harris (University of Minnesota), Kathryn Jones (Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, National Cancer Institute-Frederick), Susan Marriott (Baylor College of Medicine), Walther Mothes (Yale University School of Medicine), Cynthia Pise-Masison (Laboratory of Cellular Oncology, National Cancer Institute-Bethesda), and William Switzer (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). Members of the Derse laboratory — Gisela Heidecker, Batsukh Dorjbal, Anna Ilinskaya, and Vladimir Pak — presented their latest research findings as well.
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Dr.
Vinay Pathak Appointed as Guest Editor for Special Issue of Viruses
Dr.
Vinay Pathak has been appointed as the Guest Editor for the HIV
Drug Resistance special issue of Viruses,
published in 2010.
Dr.
Stuart Le Grice Co-Hosted Russian Delegation Tour of NCI-Frederick HIV/AIDS Research
Facilities On
February 25, 2010, Drs. Stuart
Le Grice (HIV Drug Resistance Program and Center of Excellence in
HIV/AIDS and Cancer Virology), Barry O'Keefe (Molecular Targets Laboratory), and
Dimiter Dimitrov (CCR Nanobiology Program) hosted a tour of the NCI-Frederick
HIV/AIDS research facilities by a Russian delegation of scientists and government
officials. The delegation was shown the single-genome sequencing facilities of
the HIV Drug Resistance Program, the large-scale virus production facilities of
the AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, the protein chemistry facilities of the Molecular
Targets Laboratory, and the natural products repository of the Developmental Therapeutics
Program.
 A
second component of the tour involved a meeting with the Russian delegation on
February 26 at the National Institutes of Health Office of AIDS Research (OAR)
in Bethesda, where future collaborative actions were discussed. These visits were
coordinated by the OAR as a follow-up to the United States-Russia Workshop on
HIV Prevention Science, which was conducted on October 28-30, 2009, in Moscow
and sponsored by the OAR in collaboration with the Russian Ministry of Health
and Social Development.
Tours involving an international delegation at
this level are relatively rare at NCI-Frederick. The primary goal of the tour
and accompanying lectures was to highlight the strength and depth of the NCI HIV/AIDS
research effort. A second goal was to discuss mechanisms to increase communication
and collaboration between U.S. and Russian scientists.
Members of the
Russian delegation included Drs. Valery Charushin, Director of the I.Y. Postovsky
Institute of Organic Synthesis and Chairman of the Ural Branch, Russian Academy
of Sciences; Valeriy Chereshnev, Chairman of the Committee of Science and Innovations,
State Duma of the Russian Federation; Ilyia Drozdov, Director General of the State
Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology, VECTOR; Azha Gaydarova, Research
Fellow in the Sechenov Medical Academy of Moscow; Eduard Karamov, Galina Kornilaeva,
and Tatiana Pavlova, Senior Researchers in the Ivanovsky Institute of Virology,
Russian Academy of Medical Sciences; Igor Sidorovich, Head of the AIDS Immunobiology
Department, Institute of Immunology, Ministry of Health and Social Development;
and Alexander Tatarintsev and Ali Turgiev, General Manager and Research Director,
respectively, of Laboratory Diagnostics Co., Moscow State University Science Park.
 The
tour was highly successful from the NCI perspective and was greatly appreciated
by the Russian delegation. Delegates were particularly impressed by the participation
of NCI-based Russian scientists (Drs. Olga Nikolaitchik, Elena Chertova, and Ekaterina
Goncharova), who conducted the tour in their native language.
As a result
of this tour, several initiatives are under consideration, including sabbatical
visits of Russian scientists to laboratories at NCI-Frederick and reciprocal visits
of U.S. scientists to Russia to provide logistical support to establish new collaborations.
Dr.
Stuart Le Grice Invited to Co-Edit Special Issue of Current Topics in Medicinal
Chemistry
Dr.
Stuart F.J. Le Grice (HIV Drug Resistance Program) has been invited
to co-edit, with Dr. A. Jun Komano (National Institute of Infectious Diseases,
Japan), a special issue of Current
Topics in Medicinal Chemistry dedicated to HIV therapy.
Dr.
Eric Freed Appointed as Editor-in-Chief of Viruses
Dr.
Eric Freed has been appointed as the first Editor-in-Chief of Viruses,
a new open-access journal that provides an advanced forum for studies of viruses.
The journal's broad scope includes all classes of viruses, viral epidemiology,
virus-like agents, vaccines, and antiviral drugs.
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Dr.
Stephen Oroszlan Honored for Research on HIV Protease
Dr. Stephen
Oroszlan, Scientist Emeritus, was honored at the Symposium on HIV Protease and
Beyond: The Past, Present, and Future of HIV Structural Biology, held at NCI-Frederick
in January 2009. Organized by the NCI Center of Excellence in HIV/AIDS & Cancer
Virology with support from the Center for Cancer Research and NIH Intramural AIDS
Targeted Antiretroviral Program, the Symposium commemorated the 20th anniversary
of the publication of the crystal structure of HIV protease, a turning point in
the utilization of structural information for drug design. The relationship between
structural biology and drug design for other HIV targets was also highlighted
at the Symposium.
 In
the opening session, Dr. Michael Gottesman (NIH Deputy Director for Intramural
Research) presented an award to Dr. Oroszlan in recognition of his many contributions
to our understanding of the structure of retroviruses, and for his seminal work
on viral proteases. Dr. Oroszlan gave the opening keynote talk, describing the
key events in retroviral protease research and the discovery of HIV protease.
He has been awarded three U.S. patents and one European patent on HIV protease.
His numerous honors include the award of a Doctor Honoris Causa Degree from the
University of Debrecen Medical School in 1993, election to the Hungarian Academy
of Sciences as a Foreign Associate in 1994, a Retroviral Retrospective Symposium
to Honor Dr. Stephen Oroszlan held at Hood College in 1994, and the Mór Kaposi
Research Foundation Award in 2000.
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Study
on HIV-1 Trafficking Selected as Top 2008 CCR Science Advance in HIV/AIDS
A
study by Dr.
Eric Freed and his colleagues on "Real-Time Visualization of HIV-1 Gag
Trafficking in Infected Macrophages" was selected as the top CCR Science Advance of the year in HIV/AIDS research. Featured in a CCR
In the Journals article, Dr. Freed's study "demonstrates that HIV-1 particles
are retained in internal reservoirs within host cells from which they can be rapidly
released at opportune times, such as when contact is established with uninfected
cells....The results of this study may set the groundwork for the development
of new HIV treatments based on interruption of intracellular viral trafficking."
To view the original publication of this study in PLoS Pathogens,
click here.
HIV
Drug Resistance Program Hosts Visitors Observing BL2*/BL3 Work
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Dr.
Nancy Chung (second from right) in the BL2* staging area with (from left to right)
Margaret Lange, Eleftherios Michailidis, and Bruno Marchand
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The
HIV Drug Resistance Program hosted several members of the laboratories of Drs.
Donald Burke and Stefan Sarafianos from the University of Missouri to demonstrate
the BL2*/BL3 practices and protocols used in the DRP. Dr. Nancy Chung in Dr.
Vineet KewalRamani's group conducted the training for the visitors,
which included Dr. Burke and fellows Margaret Lange, Bruno Marchand, and Eleftherios
Michailidis. In addition to demonstrating experiments using GHOST cell infections
with live HIV-1, Dr. Chung demonstrated TZM cell titrations, which are commonly
used by laboratories conducting research on antiviral inhibitors. Observing the
BL2*/BL3 work firsthand proved very helpful to the guests; in Dr. Burke's words,
"there were a thousand little details that can only be learned by watching it
in action."
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News
Articles and Press Releases
Press Releases and Related Articles on HIV-1 Maturation Inhibitors
The
following articles describe the identification and development of HIV-1 maturation inhibitors, a novel class of antiretroviral drug candidates, in collaboration with Dr. Eric Freed's lab in the HIV Drug Resistance Program, National Cancer Institute
(to view the articles, click on the titles below):
January 2012 Press Release from DFH Pharma:
DFH Pharma to Collaborate With National Cancer Institute to Develop Second-Generation HIV Maturation Inhibitor Drugs
May
2007 Press Release from Panacos Pharmaceuticals:
Preclinical Study Finds
Protease Inhibitor-Resistant HIV May Have Reduced Potential to Develop Resistance
to Panacos' Bevirimat
August
2006 Article in the Boston Globe:
Chinese Herb May Yield Drug for AIDS
June
2006 Press Release from Panacos Pharmaceuticals:
Panacos Presents Data
on Lack of Clinical Resistance Development to Bevirimat (PA-457) at International
HIV Drug Resistance Conference
June
2006 Article in Scientific American:
A New Assault on HIV: The Constant
Search for Weak Points in the Virus Yields Ideas for a Wholly New Class of Drug
April
2006 Press Release from Panacos Pharmaceuticals:
PA-457 Phase 2b Trial
Design Agreed with FDA; Study Projected to Begin in Q2 2006
August
2005 Press Release from Panacos Pharmaceuticals:
Panacos Drug Candidate
PA-457 Shows Potent Antiviral Activity in HIV-infected Patients; Viral Load Reduction
Meets Primary Endpoint of Phase 2a Study
May
2005 Press Release from Panacos Pharmaceuticals:
V. I. Technologies and
Collaborators Present Three Studies on the Molecular Target of PA-457, First-in-Class
HIV Maturation Inhibitor, at the Cold Spring Harbor Retrovirus Conference
BusinessWeek
online:
A Better Way To Ambush AIDS?—Panacos Pharmaceuticals' experimental
drug opens the door to a new line of attack
To view the
published results of a study elucidating the mechanism of action of PA-457, go
to Proc.
Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100: 13555-13560, 2003 (PDF - 384KB).
News Articles on Recent Nature Paper by Le Grice Lab The
following news articles highlight a Nature paper published in May 2008 by a collaborative
team including members of the Le Grice lab (Drs.
Stuart Le Grice and Jason
Rausch) on their findings that the enzymatic activities of HIV reverse
transcriptase are determined by its binding orientation on the substrate (to view
the articles, click on the titles below):
Nature
News and Views feature:
Molecular Biology: An HIV Secret Uncovered (PDF
- 451KB)
Harvard
University Gazette Online feature:
Research Reveals Workings of Anti-HIV
Drugs
CCR
Connections feature:
Reverse Transcriptase: When Function Follows Direction
The
original article by Abbondanzieri et al. describing the study (Nature 453: 184-189):
Dynamic binding orientations direct activity of HIV reverse transcriptase (PDF
- 546KB)
News Articles on Recent PNAS Paper by Host-Virus Interaction Branch
The
following news articles highlight a PNAS paper published in March 2008 by a collaborative
team including members of the Host-Virus Interaction Branch (Sarah Palmer, Frank
Maldarelli, Ann Wiegand, John
Coffin, John
Mellors) on the persistence of low-level viremia for at least 7 years
in HIV-infected patients on potent antiretroviral therapy (to view the articles,
click on the titles below):
U.S.
News & World Report:
HIV Can Hide in Cells for Years
BBC
News:
HIV 'hides from drugs for years'
Forbes:
HIV Can Hide in Cells for Years
HealthAtoZ.com:
HIV Can Hide in Cells for Years
The
original article by Palmer et al. describing the study (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.
USA 105: 3879-3884, 2008):
Low-level viremia persists for at least 7
years in patients on suppressive antiretroviral therapy (PDF - 664KB)
Center for Cancer Research "In the Journals" Feature on Recent PNAS
Article by Freed Lab The
following article on the Center for Cancer Research website highlights a May 2007
PNAS paper by Drs.
Eric Freed and Abdul
Waheed and their collaborators on a novel mechanism by which HIV
circumvents the antiviral activity of amphotericin B methyl ester (AME):
HIV
and Drug Resistance: Hitting a Moving Target (PDF - 214KB)
The
original article by Waheed et al. describing the study (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.
USA 104: 8467-8471, 2007):
HIV-1 escape from the entry-inhibiting effects
of a cholesterol-binding compound via cleavage of gp41 by the viral protease (PDF
- 675KB)
Frederick News-Post Article on Student Intern Bilguujin Dorjsuren
The
following front-page article features Bilguujin Dorjsuren, a student intern in
the laboratory of Dr.
David Derse (reprinted with permission of the Frederick News-Post
and Randall Family, LLC as published on May 16, 2007):
She
speaks four languages, interns at NCI — and she’s only 18
Press Release and Related Articles on the Discovery of How One Type
of Cancer-Causing Virus Evades the Body's Natural Defenses The
following articles describe research performed by Dr.
David Derse and colleagues on the mechanism by which human T-cell
leukemia virus type 1 circumvents the body's natural defenses (to view the articles,
click on the titles below):
February
2007 Press Release from the National Cancer Institute:
NCI Scientists
Discover How T-Cell Leukemia Viruses Evade Body's Defense Mechanisms
Cancer
Research Highlights Article in the NCI Cancer Bulletin (page 3):
Study
Describes How Virus Evades Body's Defenses (PDF - 434KB)
Featured
Article in NIH Research Matters:
How T-Cell Leukemia Viruses Virus Evade
the Body's Defenses
The
original article by Derse et al. describing the study (Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.
USA 104: 2915-2920, 2007):
Resistance of human T cell leukemia virus
type 1 to APOBEC3G restriction is mediated by elements in nucleocapsid (PDF -
692KB)
Popular Mechanics Feature and Related Article on the RT-SHIV Animal
Model of HIV Infection The
following articles describe research performed by Drs.
Vineet KewalRamani and Zandrea
Ambrose on the RT-SHIV animal model of HIV-1 pathogenesis, persistence,
and response to antiretroviral therapy (to view the articles, click on the titles
below):
December
2006 PopularMechanics.com World AIDS Day special on the RT-SHIV research in Dr.
KewalRamani's lab:
Fighting HIV by Building a New Killer
The
original article by Ambrose et al. describing the RT-SHIV model (J. Virol. 78:
13553-13561, 2004):
In vitro characterization of a simian immunodeficiency
virus-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) chimera expressing HIV type 1 reverse
transcriptase to study antiviral resistance in pigtail macaques (PDF - 207KB)
NCI-Frederick
Spotlight on Dr. John Coffin This
interview with Dr.
John Coffin was the featured article in August 2005 on the home page
of the NCI-Frederick
website.
NCI-Frederick
Spotlight on Dr. Stephen Hughes This
interview with Dr.
Stephen Hughes was the featured article in July 2004 on the home
page of the NCI-Frederick
website.
in-cites
-- An Interview with Dr. John M. Coffin In
this December 2003 in-cites
interview, Dr.
Coffin discusses his highly cited Science paper, "HIV population
dynamics in vivo—implications for genetic variation, pathogenesis, and therapy."
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NCI
Center of Excellence in HIV/AIDS & Cancer Virology The
Center of Excellence in HIV/AIDS and Cancer Virology (CEHCV) was formed in 2006
within the Center for Cancer Research, NCI. The mission of the CEHCV is to facilitate
and rapidly communicate advances in the discovery, development, and delivery of
antiviral and immunologic approaches for the prevention and treatment of HIV infection,
AIDS-related malignancies, and cancer-associated viral diseases. Drs.
Stuart Le Grice, a Principal Investigator in the HIV Drug Resistance
Program, was appointed Head of the CEHCV. Further details are available at the
Center's website. |
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Invited
Student Symposium
 In
conjunction with the 2005 Think
Tank Meeting, the DRP hosted the third Invited
Student Symposium on April 6. After attending the Think Tank Meeting, the following
senior graduate students from outside the NIH community presented short talks
on their retrovirology research to the DRP staff and convened with the Program's
faculty for informal discussions.
Danso Ako-Adjei
(Volker Vogt Laboratory, Cornell University)
Jared
Auclair
(Celia Schiffer Laboratory, University of Massachusetts Medical School)
Shardell Hawkins
(Michael Summers Laboratory, Howard Hughes Medical
Institute and University of Maryland Baltimore County)
Shari Kaiser
(Michael Emerman Laboratory, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)
Juliana Leung
(Stephen Goff Laboratory, Howard Hughes Medical Institute
and Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons)
Urvi Parikh
(John Mellors Laboratory, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine)
David Sayah
(Jeremy Luban Laboratory, Columbia University College of Physicians
and Surgeons)
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Dr.
Eric Freed Appointed as Guest Editor for Special Issue of Virus Research
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|
The cover image
was reprinted from Virus
Research, Vol. 106, No. 2, Copyright 2004, with permission from
Elsevier. The original source of the artwork was Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
99: 955-960, 2002 (Copyright 2002, National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A.).
|
Dr.
Eric Freed served as Guest Editor for the December 2004 issue of
Virus
Research, which was devoted to mechanisms of enveloped virus
budding. In addition to writing the preface
(PDF - 33KB) to this special issue, Dr. Freed solicited chapters
from leading investigators studying a range of enveloped viruses, edited the chapters,
and coordinated the review process. He also contributed a chapter on retrovirus
budding (Demirov
and Freed, pp. 87-102, PDF - 443KB) and provided the artwork for
the journal's cover,
showing an electron micrograph of TSG-5' inhibiting HIV-1 budding.
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Last
modified: 30 April 2012 | ... |
